Indigo Airline Business case study

Contents of assortment Plan

RSPL - Ghari Product Mix

PRODUCT MAP FOR A PAPER PRODUCT LINE- BILT INDIA

Star Airlines: Has it launched their inaugural services with flying colors?

Brooklyn Central- A supply chain Case study

Narendra Modiji Speech on Supply chain on 12/05/2020

In an address to the nation, Prime Minister Narendra Modi hinted at a continuation of the lockdown India has been under for several weeks but added that the coming phase would be “totally different" from the previous phases, the contours of which will be decided based on the suggestions given by states.

He also announced the long-awaited stimulus package of Rs20 trillion for businesses and workers to soften the devastating blow from the coronavirus lockdown that has pushed many companies to the brink of bankruptcy with revenues and cash flows disappearing overnight

Friends, a virus has destroyed the world. Crores of people around the world are facing a crisis. World all over is engaged in a battle to save precious lives. We have never seen or heard of such a crisis.This crisis is unthinkable as well as unprecedented for mankind.

However-getting exasperated, losing heart or getting shattered, is not acceptable to the mankind. We have to remain vigilant, closely monitor it, follow the rules of engagement in such a war, save ourselves and move ahead.Today, when the world is in crisis, we must strengthen our resolve. Our great resolve will help overcome this crisis.

Friends, we have been hearing since the last century that the 21st century belongs to India. We have seen how the world was before Corona and the global systems in detail. Even after the infliction of the Corona crisis, we are constantly watching the situation as it unfolds across the globe. When we look at these two periods from India's perspective, it seems that the 21st century is the century for India. This is not our dream, rather a responsibility for all of us.

But what should be its trajectory?

The state of the world today teaches us that a (AtmaNirbhar Bharat) "Self-reliant India" is the only path .It is said in our scriptures - EshahPanthahThat is - self-sufficient India.

Friends,

As a nation today we stand at a very crucial juncture. Such a big disaster is a signal for India,it has brought a message and an opportunity.I will share my perspective with an example. When the Corona crisis started, there was not a single PPE kit made in India. The N-95 masks were produced in small quantity in India. Today we are in a situation to produce 2 lakh PPE and 2 lakh N-95 masks daily. We were able to do this because India turned this crisis into an opportunity.

This vision of India - turning crisis into opportunity- is going to prove equally effective for our resolve of self-reliant India.

Friends,

Today the meaning of the word self-reliance has changed in the global scenario. The debate on Human Centric Globalization versus Economy Centralized Globalization is on. India's fundamental thinking provides a ray of hope to world. The culture and tradition of India speaks of self-reliance and the soul is VasudhaivaKutumbakam.

India does not advocate self-centric arrangements when it comes to self-reliance. India's self-reliance is ingrained in the happiness, cooperation and peace of the world.

This is the culture which believes in the welfare of the world, for all the living creatures and the one which considers the whole world as a family. Its premise is 'माता भूमिः पुत्रो अहम् पृथिव्यः' - the culture that considers the earth to be the mother. And when the Bharat Bhumi, becomes self-sufficient, it ensures the possibility of a prosperous world. India's progress has always been integral to the progress of the world.

India's goals and actions impact the global welfare. When India is free from open defecation,it has an impact on the image of the world. Be it TB, malnutrition, polio, India's campaigns have influenced the world.

International Solar Alliance is India's gift against Global Warming. The initiative of International Yoga Day is India's gift to relieve stress. Indian medicines have given a fresh lease of life to the people in different parts of the world.

These steps have brought laurels for India and it makes every Indian feel proud. The world is beginning to believe that India can do very well, so much good for the welfare of mankind can give.

The question is - how?

The answer to this question is – A Combined resolve of 130 crore citizens for a self-reliant India.

Friends,

We have a proud history of centuries. When India was prosperous, it was called the golden goose, it was prosperous, and then it always walked tall for the welfare of the world.

Then the times changed, the country was caught in the chains of slavery, we longed for development. Today, when India is making rapid strides in its progress, it is still committed to the goal of global welfare. Remember, the Y2K crisis at the beginning of this century. Technology experts from India pulled the world out of that crisis. Today we have the resources, we have the power, and we have the best talent in the world.

We will make the best products, will improve our quality further, make the supply chain more modern, we can do this and we will definitely do it.

Friends,

I had witnessed the Kutch earthquake. There was debris everywhere. Everything was destroyed. It seemed as if Kutch had fallen asleep wearing a sheet of death. In that situation no one could have imagined that the situation would ever change. However, Kutch stood up, Kutch started moving, Kutch moved. This is the grit and determination of weIndians.

If we are determined then we can reach our goals and no path will be difficult. And today there is a will and there is a way. That is to make India self-reliant. Our combined resolve is so strong that India can become self-sufficient.

Friends, this magnificent building of self-reliant India will stand on five Pillars.

First Pillar is Economy, an economy that brings Quantum Jump rather than Incremental change.

Second Pillar is Infrastructure, an infrastructure that became the identity of modern India.

Third Pillar is Our System. A system that is driven by technology which canfulfill the dreams of the 21st century; a system not based on the policy of the past century.

Fourth Pillar is Our Demography. Our Vibrant Demography is our strength in the world's largest democracy, our source of energy for self-reliant India.

The fifth pillar is Demand. The cycle of demand and supply chain in our economy, is the strength that needs to be harnessed to its full potential. In order to increase demand in the country and to meet this demand, every stake-holder in our supply chain needs to be empowered. We will strengthen our supply chain, our supply system built up with the smell of the soil and the sweat of our labourers.

Friends, amidst the Corona crisis, I am announcing today a special economic package with a new resolution. This economic package will serve as an important link in the 'AtmaNirbhar Bharat Abhiyan" (Self Reliant India Campaign)'.

Friends, in the recent past economic announcements made by the government related to the Corona crisis, which were the decisions of the Reserve Bank. The economic package that is being announced today, if added, comes to around Rs. 20 lakh crores. This package is about 10 percent of India's GDP. With this various sections of the country and those linked to economic system will get support and strength of 20 lakh crore rupees. This package will give a new impetus to the development journey of the country in 2020 and a new direction to the Self-reliant India campaign. In order to prove the resolve of a self-reliant India, Land, Labor, Liquidity and Laws all have been emphasized in this package.

This economic package is for our cottage industry, home industry, our small-scale industry, our MSME, which is a source of livelihood for millions of people, which is the strong foundation of our resolve for a self-reliant India. This economic package is for that labourer of the country, for the farmers of the country who are working day and night for the countrymen in every situation, every season. This economic package is for the middle class of our country, which pays taxes honestly and contributes to the development of the country. This economic package is for Indian industries, which are determined to give a boost to the economic potential of India. Starting tomorrow, over the next few days, the Finance Minister will give you detailed information about this economic package inspired by the 'Self-reliant India campaign'.

Friends, it is now imperative for the country to move forward with the commitment of Bold Reforms to create a self-reliant India. You have also experienced that as a result of the reforms over the past 6 years, today even in this time of crisis; India's systems have looked more efficient. Otherwise, who could have thought that the money sent by Government of India will reach directly in the pocket of the poor farmer! But it has happened. That also happened when all the government offices were closed; the means of transport were shut down.This was just a reform related to Janadhan-Aadhaar-Mobile-JAM's Trishakti, the effect of which we have just seen. Now the scope of the reforms has to be broadened, giving a new height. These reforms will be in the entire supply chain related to farming, so that the farmer is also empowered and will have minimal impact on agriculture in any other crisis like corona in future. These reforms will be for, rational tax system, simple and clear rules-of-law, good infrastructure, capable and competent human resources, and building strong financial system. These reforms will encourage business, attract investment and strengthen our resolve for Make in India.

Friends, self-reliance is possible only through inner strength and self-belief. Self-reliance also prepares the country for a tough competition in the global supply chain. And today it is the need of the hour that India should play a big role in the global supply chain. Realizing this, many provisions have also been made in the economic package. This will increase the efficiency of all our sectors and also ensure quality.

Friends, this crisis is so big, that the biggest systems have been shaken. However, under these circumstances, the country has also seen the resolve and restraint of our poor brothers and sisters, especially the street vendors, hawkers, labourers, those who are working in homes, they have done a lot of penance during this time, they have sacrificed a lot. Who would not have realized their absence? Now it is our duty to make them strong, to take some big steps for their financial requirements. Keeping this in mind, be it poor, labourers, migrant labourers, cattle rearers, be our fishermen, organized sector or unorganized sector, some important decisions will be announced in the economic package for every section.

Friends, the Corona crisis has also explained to us the importance of Local manufacturing, Local market and Local supply chain. In times of crisis, this Local has fulfilled our demand, this Local has saved us. Local is not just the need, it is our responsibility also. Time has taught us that we must make the Local as a mantra of our life. The Global Brands you feel today were sometimes also very local like this. But when people started using them, started promoting them, branding them, proud of them, they became Global from Local Products. Therefore, from today every Indian has to become vocal for their local, not only to buy local products, but also to promote them proudly. I am confident that our country can do this. Your efforts have increased my reverence for you every time. I recollect one thing with pride. When I requested you and the nation to buyKhadi and said it will be a great support to our handloom workers. Today, the demand and sales of both Khadi and handloom have reached record levels in a very short time. Not only that, you also made it a big brand. It was a very small effort, but the result was very good.

Friends, experts and scientists have pointed out that Corona will remain a part of our lives for a long time. But at the same time, we cannot allow this to happen that our lives will be confined only around the corona. We would wear masks, follow two yards distance and pursue our goals. Therefore, the fourth phase of lockdown, lockdown 4, will be completely redesigned, with new rules. Based on the suggestions we are getting from the states, information related to Lockdown 4 will also be given to you before 18 May. I am confident that by following the rules, we will fight Corona and move forward.

Friends, In our culture, it is said 'सर्वम् आत्म वशं सुखम्' i.e. what is in our control, is happiness. Self-reliance leads to happiness, satisfaction and empowerment. Our responsibility to make the 21st century, the century of India, will be fulfilled by the pledge of self-reliant India. This responsibility will only get energy from the life force of 130 crore citizens. This era of self-reliant India will be a new vow for every Indian as well as a new festival. Now we have to move forward with a new resolve and determination. When ethics are filled with duty, the culmination of diligence, the capital of skills, then who can stop India from becoming self-reliant? We can make India a self-reliant nation. We will make India self-reliant. With this resolve, with this belief, I wish you the very best.

Module 2 Digital marketing question bank

Three marks questions
1.Define search query?
2.Define content management system.
3. Define crawling, indexing, ranking, bots, and spiders.
4.Define Alt tag
5. Define organic search.
6. Define SEO and SEM.
7. Define mobile usability report.
8. Define longtail.
9.Define metatags
10.Define PPC
11.Define broad matching


Seven Marks Questions
12. Explain how search engine works.
13.Explain how search engine see the web.
14.Write a note on paid search.
15.Discuss importance of search analysis.
16.Explain importance of SEO plan.
17.Explain SEO process.
18.How to select keywords?
19.Discuss SEO goals setting.
20.Discuss SEM auction.
21.Explain what makes a good keyword.
22.Explain importance of SEO plan.


Ten marks questions
23.Explain Google search console.

Marico supply chain- Role of IT in supply chain.

Marico is a large Indian Fast Moving Consumer Goods (FMCG) company established in the year 1991.

Their brand portfolios are embedded with renowned brands like Suffola, Parachute, Kaya Skin care etc...

Marico Supply Chain:

Stage 1: Marico receives raw materials from vendors.

Stage 2: These raw materials are processed in Plants

Stage 3: In this satge, Marico adopts two strategies

             Strategy a) Move the slow moving Stock Keeping Units (SKU)'s and low volume products                           to  RDCs

             Strategy b) Move the final products to company depots

Stage 4: Primary sales

             Strategy a) Send the goods to direct distributors

             Strategy b) Send the goods to super distributors who in turn will send them to stockists.

Stage 5 : Secondary Sales

              In this stage, both Direct distributors, and stockists send the goods to retailers.

E-procurement of Copra;

Copra procurement is a big challenge for Marico due to its vast geographical spread.The major markets includes Goa, Karnataka, Tamilnadu, and Andhra pradesh. Further,within Karnataka it has to procure from two big markets Managalore and Tiptur near Bengaluru. Similarly, In Kerala, the company has to source it from Kasargod, Kannur, Kozhikode, Malappuram and Thrissur. In line with the strategy, the company procured copra from Tamilnadu markets centers like Pollachi, Kangeyam, Dindigal, Tanjavore, and Vedarayam.  The copra also procured from Ambajipeta in Andhrapradesh.

The challenges of  Copra procurement are first, its an unorganized market and suppliers are not information technology Savvy. second, most of the suppliers were illiterate. Third, the volume of copra purchased was huge i.e. 20 lakhs copra per day which amounts to 2 copra per tree. Fourth, this 50% revenue earning product for the company has 25% of their terminal market in India.

The company identified two goals in setting up information technology infrastructure. The company intention was to adopt e- buying of copra and expand the existing vendor base and source it from new vendors and new places.Through these goals Marico wanted to have better price discovery and avoid brokers who were affecting the company margin.

When the company began its implementation plan, it understood that traditional processes adopted. In this method the company purchased he copra over the phone.  There was huge delay in closing deals as negotiations used to take large time.This further affected the company price discovery and buying efficiency. In addition to this, traditional processes limited the coverage of suppliers and overlay on brokers.Thus, buying time was huge.

The company began the phased approach to implement e-procurement. In the stage 1 it made changes to physical buying processes. Later , it worked on Information Technology penetration. finally working on maturity of the process.

In this stage 1 the company modified its buying in sessions. It adopted 3* 1 hour model.It started asking the vendor to sell offers over the phone about the quantity and price. However, Marico had the control of buying. It can accept or reject the quote. To streamline the process, the company stopped negotiating the price with vendors.This has resulted in the change in the buying process by reducing time of negotiation.

In the second stage, the company began the process of opening email ids for vendors on Rediff, the email platform popular that time. Further, the company trained vendors to use emails.To facilitate this, Marico tied up with cyber cafes to educate vendors.These emails were used for sending gods receipt information, advance payment information, enabling debit and credit notes, and shipping notification for all dispatches.To execute the phase , the company tied up with banks those were having e-transfers at that time who can settle payments in 1 day. Thus, the supplier learning curve has improved.

In the final phase of implementation; he company developed copra portal e-marico.com. looking at he literacy levels of suppliers , content was developed in regional languages. In addition to this, the company rigorously trained suppliers Hence, supplier began utilizing portal for bidding along with email information. As a result of this, all transactions became paperless and all suppliers  started utilizing e-portals. additionally, payments were done digitally.This stage  also have to overcome obstacles such as vendor with less turnover, same cyber cafe used by multiple vendors for quoting the price and cyber cafe owner shared the information to other suppliers. This has forced Marico to eliminate use of cyber cafes and requested vendors to send quotes via SMS. Thus, the entire process was de-cartelisation.
The e-procurement system has numerous benefits. It has widened vendor base, reduced the broker dependency, buying efficiency has increased, and time for procurement reduced drastically

Reliance - Facebook deal what does it mean to indian industry.

Financial implications:

Reliance Facebook deal will reduce the debt burden of the Jio Platform Limited(JPL) a holding company  of  reliance industry.

Supply Chain Perspectives;

Reliance has launched Jio Mart a business to Business platform for connecting Kiranna stores digitally. Now, after the Facebook deal, Jio mart will be using WhatsApp pay for payment solutions.It means Kirana stores can order merchandise from Jio  Mart, pay via WhatsApp pay and deliver the products to customer doorstep. Thus, bringing unorganized retailer into the e-commerce business(1).

Customer will get the same day door delivery unlike he has to travel to the store for shopping or picking the goods(2). This will empower millions of small neighborhood stores in India

Customer Perspectives:

Customer data consumption will increase. online shopping and online payments will see rapid growth(4)

Privacy Concerns

Both Facebook and Jio have huge customer private information. Cross  leveraging may lead to privacy issues(1)
The deal may lead to net neutrality. In this situation, Jio may give preference to Facebook and Whats App or vice versa that many netizens expressed their fear

Others

The Facebook -Jio deal will bring less legal hurdles to Facebook's much awaited payment system

References 

1.

Facebook buys 9.99% stake in Reliance Jio for Rs 43,574 crore. (2020). Retrieved 9 May 2020, from https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/tech/internet/facebook-buys-9-99-stake-in-reliance-jio-for-5-7-billion/articleshow/75283735.cms

2.

Facebook-Jio deal: JioMart, WhatsApp to empower 3 crore kirana shops, says Mukesh Ambani. (2020). Retrieved 9 May 2020, from https://www.businesstoday.in/current/corporate/facebook-jio-deal-jiomart-whatsapp-to-empower-3-crore-kirana-shops-says-mukesh-ambani/story/401679.html?utm_source=recengine&utm_medium=WEB&referral_sourceid=401654&referral_cat=Corporate

3.

Explained: What the Jio deal means for Reliance and Facebook. (2020). Retrieved 9 May 2020, from https://indianexpress.com/article/explained/what-the-jio-deal-means-for-reliance-facebook-6374686/

4.

Kalpana Pathak, D. (2020). Facebook’s second coming with $5.7 billion Reliance Jio deal. Retrieved 9 May 2020, from https://www.livemint.com/companies/news/facebook-s-second-coming-with-5-7-billion-reliance-jio-deal-11587582130025.html

JSW shoppe - challenges of new distribution models

Introduction to the Company

Jindal Steel and Power limited is the Hisar Based company in India. It is the part of US $ 22 billion O.P.Jindal group. Today, the company is making progress under the Mr. Naveen Jindal.

JSW shoppe

The story of JSW shoppe began in the year 2007. The company appointing the distributor through franchise mode. Further , these shops are catering to the needs of individual as well s small and medium enterprises. Today, the company boosts to have 400 outlets in semi-urban and rural areas and have plan to add another 200 shops.In this model buyers can purchase the steel directly from the company. Added to this, the company is now have financing facility for products sold. 

Brands of JSW shoppe

1. JSW everglow- Roofing technology
2. JSW coloron- Roofing sheets.
3. JSW- color coated sheets.
4. Jsw Vishwas- Sheets.
5. JSW Galvos- Coil and Sheets.
6. JSW Neo steel- TMT Bars.
7. Jsw Platina- Tin Plate
8. Jsw- Trusteel- Hot Rolled Sheets.
9. JSW- Avante- Small steel doors

A case study on data science applications at Eureka Forbes for lead generation

Ad networks in Digital marketing

Understanding ad networks.

Objectives:
The objectives of ad networks in digital marketing are to :

1.Find websites with advertising space to sell. 

2.Connect website to companies. 

Definition:

Display advertising networks are like a middleman, connecting businesses who want to advertise, with websites with ad space to sell. 

Need of ad networks

contacting the site directly to work out the details can get pretty time consuming. This is where

display advertising networks come in. 

Functions of ad networks

1. They handle both the buying and the selling of displayads, linking businesses to websites that want to sell advertising space.
2. Another way to think of it is as a marketplace that brings businesses and websites together, helping manage the transactions. 

Examples of ad networks

1. Google Display Network or 
2. Yahoo, 

Process:

• Step1: offer businesses looking to advertise ad space on websites.
• Step2:Websites that offer these ad  spaces can become a part of these networks. 
• Step3: set minimum prices for how much money they expect for showing ads.
• Step4: business can then bid for the spots it wants throughout all the websites in that network, deciding how much they’re willing to pay. 
• Step5 :Buyers and sellers are connected every single time pages are loaded, and the ads that win the right to fill the ad spot are shown.

Audience Targeting:

Target specific audiences through two main routes: the topics of the web pages where the ads appear, and general information about the people viewing the content. 

Financial management:

Another thing networks do is handle the money involved. Buying and selling ads happens

every second of every day, and the networks collect money from businesses and pay the

websites that show the ads. 

Data management:

advertising networks collect and share data with businesses.

Data analysis:

1. Number of times ads are shown, 
2. Number of times ads clicked on,
3. Cost of advertising
4. Tracking of websites

Machine learning for Managers Part-1 Introduction

Introduction to Machine learning for managers

Before we explore the world of machine learning, we need to understand a few basics of Machine learning.

This will bring you in the comfort zone as many managers lack engineering knowledge.

Input:

The raw data required for the analysis. This data may be from survey, observations, or from data sets. 

Marketing: Customers purchased data in a Big bazaar retail out let for a month..

Human Resources: Employees training data for last ten years.

Finance: Stock price of FMCG products in last five years on a daily basis.

Operations: The cost of packaging for multiple orders from multiple customers in the firm for last two years.

Algorithm:

Machine learning field works on the algorithms to identify the predicted value. Thus, it is necessary for us to know basics of algorithms. These are set of rules a manager introduces to get the forecast value.

Let us understand with some examples;

Marketing: 

A manager would like to know the best sales promotion tool for his online marketing campaign in different markets. The set of rules are as follows:

Step1; START

Step2; Define promotional too used by a company Search ads, display ads,

Step 3; Define different markets: Panaji, Mumbai, Bengaluru, Delhi, and Chennai.

Step4; Define revnue from diffrent markets.

Step 5: Define cost of promotion types in different markets.

Step 6; Calculate Revenue per market per campaign.

Step 7: Calculate the best ROI for a promotion on a market wise

Step 8; STOP.

Human  Resource Management:

A human resource manager would like to know influence of educational qualification in completing a particular project. This will help them in recruiting a better candidate next time. The rules can be;

Step1: START

Step 2: Extract the education qualification data from employee records say CS, IS, Mechanical, Civil etc...

Step 3; Collect project time taken by each employee.

Step 4: Identify the project difficulty level easy, medium and difficult.

Step 5: identify the best combination of difficulty, qualification and optimum time.

Step 6: STOP.

Finance:

A finance manager want to construct a portfolio of stocks to recommend his clients. The algorithm can be set as below:

Step 1; START

Step 2 : Collect P/E ratio of all NSE stocks and set range of expectation.

Step 3: Collect EPS data for all NSE stocks

Step 4: Collect dividend announced by companies in last five years.

Step5: Define sector names ( Automobile, Bank, IT etc..0

Step 6: Calculate top 10 companies a sector wise on P/E, EPS and Dividend.

Step 7; Collect predicted growth rate for each sector.

Step 8; Divide company in Step 6 based on STEP 7 paramter.

Step 9; STOP

GATI case study: Shipment delivery excellence

Supply chain challenges and issues in covid 19 Corona days- The Indian perspectives

Covid-19 Corona virus has bought business to standstill. The world economy suffered irreversible consequences due to this epidemic outbreak. It has affected hungry need of millions across the globe and notwithstanding many more lost the job for life time. This unprecedented scenario has exerted pressure on supply chain sector. This article discusses supply chain challenges and issues emerged during and after covid-19 Corona days.

According to economic times ( corona virus supply chain shock03/004/2020) , the virus outbreak has hit badly to auto component industry due to their reliance on Europe and US market.

The Hindu business line in its article on 01/04/2020 had written in length about the Indian supply chain vulnerabilities. Highlights of the article are emerging cost minimization models and just in time delivery. Further, supply chain risk of china sourcing exposed in this lockdown period. Added to this, renewable energy sector, pharmaceutical sector and auto-components buy large quantity of components from china are wandering for not finding the future path. Apart from this article stressed on Indian firms inability for quick response and resilience. Now, more number of firms believes in de-risking the business from hugely depending on single source strategy. However, these risk propositions have provided a window of opportunity for local Indian companies.

Umashankar Mishra’s article on Agriculture supply chain during lockdown written the positive gain to agriculture sector. The article lauded Indian council of agricultural research (ICAR) effort in developing an app that connects farmers and freight management system. The app emerged as the platform for both farmers and middlemen to fix their pricing issues. Further, the article emphasized on connectivity of farmers and app to reduce logistics hassles in the supply chain.

Vishwanath Kulkarni (March 26, 2020), in the Hindu business line, discussed about panic buying affecting inventory at middlemen though government is having huge stocks. In addition to this, the writer penned that logistics roadblocks due to lockdown bought gaps between stock at government and stock at middlemen. Companies like Ninja cart had faced state border issues to procure vegetables and fruits from other states. Another company waycool beloved that it’s not the supply issue but its supply chain issue due to those customers was not receiving products.

Taking business globally through Digital Marketing